Dr. Swapna Priya is a Hyderabad-based dermatologist

My son often develops skin rashes, especially during seasonal changes. What are some general tips for maintaining healthy skin for children?
— Janani Babu, Bengaluru
You can follow these simple tips to prevent common skin problems such as dryness and rashes.

• Ensure your child is well-hydrated, as adequate water intake is crucial for maintaining healthy skin.
• Choose mild, fragrance-free soaps or cleansers during baths to avoid irritation.
• Apply a hypoallergenic moisturizer to your child’s skin, focusing on areas prone to dryness immediately after a bath to lock in moisture.
• Opt for soft, breathable fabrics such as cotton and dress your child appropriately for the weather to prevent discomfort and excessive sweating.
  When your child develops skin problems, here’s what you should do:
• Pay attention to potential triggers such as specific foods, fabrics, or environmental factors that may contribute to skin issues. Minimize exposure to these triggers.
• If rashes persist or worsen, consult a paediatrician. It is essential to identify underlying causes and recommend appropriate treatments and skincare routines.

My 14-year-old has acne and oily skin. Please recommend a suitable skincare routine.
— Minara Ali Fathima, Hyderabad

•  Advise her to use a mild, non-drying cleanser to clean her face, remove excess oil and impurities without over-drying.
• Suggest use of non-comedogenic moisturizers and makeup to prevent pores blockage and reduce acne.
• Encourage a consistent skincare routine comprising regular cleansing, moisturizing, and use of sunscreen.
• Discourage her from picking or squeezing acne. This can lead to increased inflammation and potential scarring.
• Clarify that face washing excessively can strip the skin of natural oils, potentially exacerbating acne and causing dryness.
• Stress the importance of sunscreen in preventing sun damage and premature ageing. Ensure she uses a sunscreen, even on cloudy days.

I live in Delhi and my son is exposed to polluted air. How can I protect his skin from environmental factors that lead to skin problems?
— Shivi Gupta, Delhi
Following good skin care practices will minimize damage due to sun, pollution and other factors. Here are some important guidelines:

• Encourage a consistent daily cleansing routine to remove pollutants accumulated on the skin’s surface.
• Dress your child in long sleeves, pants, and hats to minimize direct exposure to environmental pollutants.
• Consider incorporating skincare products containing antioxidants, such as vitamin C to neutralize free radicals caused by pollution.

I live in Lucknow, where extreme weather conditions are common. How can I ensure proper sun protection for my children?
— Veena Arora, Lucknow
Here are some sun-protection guidelines.

• Select a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 and UVA/UVB protection for effective sun protection.
• Remind children to reapply sunscreen every two hours, especially if swimming or engaging in activities that cause sweating.
• Encourage use of light, long-sleeved clothing and wide-brimmed hats to provide additional physical protection from the sun.
• Advise outdoor activities outside peak sunlight hours, typically from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., to minimize sun exposure.

It’s important for parents to customise these recommendations based on their child’s individual needs and seek professional advice if specific skin problems persist.

Also read: Six reasons why your child may be ‘lazy’